Propaganda Techniques Used By Jacques Ellul - 1804 Words

1. According to philosopher Jacques Ellul, â€Å"Propaganda is a set of methods employed by an organized group that wants to bring about the active or passive participation in its actions of a mass of individuals, psychologically, unified through psychological manipulation and incorporated in an organization.† (Bytwerk, 3) Methods of propaganda range from films, such as Leni Riefenstahl s Olympiad and Triumph of the Will, to posters, marches, and sporting events. Propaganda is a means in which a group can control and win the loyalty of its citizens. However, as Ellul states, it is not merely a tool to encourage the unification and support of a group of people, it is to call those people to actively participate in the motives and and beliefs†¦show more content†¦Propaganda does not allow room for intellectual exchange, rather, it tells people this is the ideology, policy, or ethical stance they need to hold if they want to be good people, and citizens. In Leni Riefenst ahl s Triumph of the Will, only a strong, unified Germany is presented, with speeches, rallies, and majestic shots that present a powerful leader at the head of a prideful and perfect nation. Propaganda is persuasion in that anyone watching the film is surely persuaded to sympathize with the Nazi party, who are presented as orderly and civilized, yet strong and brave. However, Triumph of the Will does nothing to persuade skeptical Germans of why they should have supported the Nazi party, or why Jews were being systematically rounded up. Instead, the film leaves out any actions that could have been questioned, and provides no actual, concrete reasons for the necessity of the Nazi party and Hitler’s leadership. It only presents Hitler as a strong leader. Propaganda intentionally commits the shared opinion error. Organizations intentionally assume that every citizen holds the same beliefs and ideologies as they do, and create propaganda that reflects the views of â€Å"all citi zens†. This is a part of the psychological manipulation that propagandists employ. By presenting the truth they want people to universally accept as unchallenged and plain fact, they create a sense of inclusivity. If a person has different viewpoints than what isShow MoreRelatedCentral Themes in the Work of Jacques Ellul708 Words   |  3 PagesJacques Ellul was a professor of history and the Sociology of Institutions on the Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences at the University of Bordeaux. He wrote 58 books and more than a thousand articles over his career, many of which discussed propaganda, the influence of technology on society, and also the correlation between religion and politics. The central theme of Ellul’s work proved to be the threat to human freedom and religion shaped by modern technology. Ellul’s continual concern wasRead MoreCause and Effects of Propaganda Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesNIcole Barts Mrs. Wilson 3B Effects of Propaganda. Throughout history you find that many techniques of propaganda have affected today’s society. Whether it affects it in a good way or a bad way, propaganda is efficacious and does influence the way we think and act. You probably aren’t aware of what sort of propaganda is circling its way around, but once you are, you’ll think â€Å"wow did I really fall for that†? Propaganda is â€Å"information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to helpRead More Hitlers Powerful Leadership Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluence people and earn their loyalty. In order to effectively influence people, one must use ethical means of persuasion rather than using unethical forms of coercion and manipulation, as used by Hitler on the German people.      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hitlers attempt to gain political control and power he used coercion through a process of force and threats to influence people. Coercion is forcing people against their will to do what one wants them to do. Although threats and force can change behaviorRead MoreThe Works Of Anonymous Street Artist1557 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will explore a form of modern day propaganda which is quite controversial, that of the works of anonymous street artist by the name of Banksy. Banksy uses the sides of buildings, streets and bridges as a blank canvas as a social commentary against political issues. Chapter 1 will argue how Banksy’s street art is a form of visual culture and propaganda by defining propaganda and comparing his works to previous examples of visual manipulation in history, such as pro war posters during WorldRead MoreSocial and Political Propaganda Essay1821 Words   |  8 PagesThere are two types of propaganda: sociological propaganda; the sprea ding of an ideology through the mass media, and political propaganda; efforts that are sponsored by governments and political groups that alter a persons’ interests. All propaganda has a direction, and the overall quality determines whether it will have a positive or negative effect over the masses. Our entire nation is a vast propaganda operational system that is greatly linked to education, consumerism and politics. A great dealRead MorePropaganda During World War I1796 Words   |  8 Pages Propaganda in World War I Anthony Morgan Ms. Beck Honors World Cultures Period 7 19 March 2017 Propaganda is defined as the information, ideas, or rumors which are deliberately spread widely to help towards a nation, government, or any type of cause against another. The use of propaganda can be extremely persuasive, if it is used correctly. In the time frame of July 28, 1914 to November 11, 1918, the use of propaganda in the world was being used on a global scale. It was being used throughRead MorePropaganda Effects of World War One Essay examples3323 Words   |  14 Pages Propaganda effects of World War I During the early 1900s a new era of warfare emerged as governments began to employ all economic, technological and psychological resources available to defeat their enemies. This concept of Total War altered the direction of humanity and governments understanding in their allocation of resources. This essay will examine the relationship between propaganda used during World War I, its effect on the masses and the absolutely essential need for the success of suchRead MorePropaganda Effects of Wwi3372 Words   |  14 PagesPropaganda effects of World War I During the early 1900s a new era of warfare emerged as governments began to employ all economic, technological and psychological resources available to defeat their enemies. This concept of Total War altered the direction of humanity and governments understanding in their allocation of resources. This essay will examine the relationship between propaganda used during World War I, its effect on the masses and the absolutely essential need for the success of suchRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS

This essay explains the eight stages that Erik Erikson...

The best-known neo-Freudian was Erik Erikson. He formulated his own theory of personality development. He projected that everyone goes through psychosocial stages rather than psychosexual stages as Freud proposed. Erikson has identified eight stages of psychosocial development that each person goes through during their entire life span. In Eriksons theory, the stages of development process unfold as we go through life. Each of these stages has tasks that have to be mastered in order to build toward a satisfying and healthy developed life. Those who do not master the task will have a hard time dealing with crises. According to www.top-psychology.com/9043-Erikson and http://azaz.essortment.com/psychosocialdev_rijk.htm the eight stages of†¦show more content†¦Erik seems to think this is the best time to have a family because you are more worried with the welfare of others. This is the point when you feel valuable and useful. When the person feels like they have failed it seems to take the meaning out of life. They become bitter and angry at the world. Integrity vs. Despair This is the last stage of life, sixty-five years old to death. The person should be able to reflect on ones life and accept it. These are the people who have lived their life to the fullest. They also have a more accepting view of death. For the people who want to live their life over feels they have been cheated out of something. They become depressed because they ask the question, what if? They can be unhappy for the rest of their lives. As people go through these eight stages of life they better their lives with acceptance and healthy relationships. Erikson believes a person, throughout their entire life span, never stops developing, until death. I personally agree with his theory. I have interviewed and/or observed four people that are at different points of Eriksons psychosocial stages to see how they are managing the developmental crises of that stage. My first observation was of a fifteen month old, whom I watched to see how the subject was dealing with trust vs. mistrust. My second observation was with a five-year-old, who has just begun school. This child was a good subject to compare to

Dfa While free essay sample

While DFA had never viewed maximizing assets under management as a goal, the ranking did suggest that it might be possible for DFA to achieve more as a firm than it currently was. Should Booth and DFA continue on the path that had brought them this far? Or was this the time for a major initiative that could catapult DFA to a status among the largest firms in the business? The Company and its Clients DFA was an investment firm based in Santa Monica, California. Founded in 1981 by Booth and Rex Sinquefield, two former students at the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, DFA was dedicated to the principle that the stock market was â€Å"efficient†Ã¢â‚¬â€that is, while over any given period some investors by luck would outperform the market and others would underperform, no one had the ability to consistently pick stocks that would beat the market. Such beliefs were associated with proponents of index funds, and, indeed, Sinquefield had run one of the very first SP 500 index funds while at another firm. But DFA was not simply an index fund manager. In addition to efficient markets, DFA’s founders believed passionately in two other principles: the value of sound academic research, and the ability of skilled traders to contribute to a fund’s profits even when the investment was inherently passive. At its founding, DFA surmised that acting on these core beliefs would make it unique among investment companies. By 2002, DFA had 130 employees, over 100 of whom worked in the main office by the sea in California. Most of the rest worked in a Chicago office and two other trading offices, in London and Sydney. Cohen prepared this case. HBS cases are developed solely as the basis for class discussion. Cases are not intended to serve as endorsements, sources of primary data, or illustrations of effective or ineffective management. Professor Jay Light prepared â€Å"Dimensional Fund Advisors: 1993,† HBS Case No. 294-025. Copyright  © 2002 President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-800-545-7685, write Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http://www. hbsp. harvard. edu. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Harvard Business School. 203-026 Dimensional Fund Advisors, 2002 DFA had started with a single investment fund that held small stocks, but it now offered a fairly broad product line (see Exhibits 8 and 9 for information on DFA’s equity products; DFA also had about $2 billion of fixed-income investments). Still, small stocks continued to be DFA’s primary business. DFA’s fees tended to be lower than those of most actively managed funds but higher than those of pure index funds (see Exhibit 5). This was fitting given DFA’s position in the market as a passive fund that still claimed to add value. DFA began by managing money for major institutions, and these original clients continued to make up the majority of its business. The total amount invested in DFA by institutions was about $25 billion. Such clients numbered over 125 and included corporate, government, and union pension funds, college endowments, and charities. Nearly all of DFA’s institutional clients were tax exempt, either because of their not-for-profit status or because of the tax exemptions granted to retirement plans. In 1989, DFA decided to pursue high-net-worth individuals, in addition to institutions, as clients. Because of the illiquid nature of many DFA holdings, it decided that direct accounts with individual investors would likely lead to intolerably high costs. Instead, DFA offered investment services to individuals through a limited number of investment and accounting firms that acted as intermediaries known as registered investment advisors (RIAs). The RIAs chosen shared DFA’s core beliefs, especially the importance of diversification, low turnover, and low transaction costs. The advisors received no payment directly from DFA, but DFA’s low fees enabled them to charge a moderate advising fee to the client while still keeping total charges reasonable. These arrangements benefited both DFA and the advisors. DFA provided the RIAs with a low-fee product that the clients would not be able to obtain on their own. In addition, DFA educated its RIAs by providing them with access to top researchers who were developing innovative theories and empirical analyses. The RIAs then used what they had learned to advise their clients. In many cases, this advice generated questions that DFA delivered back to the academics for continued research. For their part, the RIAs brought DFA a pool of wealthy clients whose overall investments in DFA were quite substantial. Since DFA did not advertise, the RIAs were a crucial conduit enabling DFA to reach this market. DFA’s RIA business had grown rapidly, from its start in 1989 to over $15 billion in assets under management in 2002 (see Exhibit 2 for historical data on DFAs assets under management). 0 Years of Investing Based on Academic Research DFA took pride in the belief that its investment strategies were based on sound academic research. When the firm began in 1981, its main product was a â€Å"small-stock† fund; that is, the fund invested in stocks whose market capitalization fell below a cutoff set by the 20th percentile of all NYSE stocks (this fund was known as the U. S. 9-10 Small Compa ny Portfolio because it contained stocks in the ninth and tenth NYSE deciles based on size). The fund was later renamed the U. S. Micro Cap Portfolio.

The Shack Discussion Questions

'The Shack' Discussion Questions The Shack by William P. Young is a story about Mack, a man whose daughter is kidnapped and brutally murdered. A few years after her murder, Mack receives an invitation from God to meet Him at the shack where they found his daughters bloody clothes. Mack goes and works through the meaning of suffering as he spends the weekend with the Trinity. Spoiler warning: This study guide reveals important details about The Shack by William P. Young. Finish the book before reading on. Were you drawn in by the plot of The Shack?Why do you think Macks encounter with God took place at the shack? If God were to invite you somewhere, where would it be? (In other words, where is the center of your doubt and pain)?Do you think suffering makes people closer to God or causes them to distance themselves from Him? What has been the pattern in your life?Were you satisfied with Gods answers to Mack about suffering? Do you struggle with believing God is good in light of all the tragedy in the world?How is Youngs description of God different from your concept of God? What parts of his description did you like and what parts didnt you like?Did The Shack change any of your opinions about God or Christianity?What were some of the things The Shack teaches about God, faith, and life that you disagreed with?Would you recommend The Shack to a friend?Rate The Shack on a scale of 1 to 5.

Brain Gym; Exercises

Brain Gym; Exercises Brain Gym exercises are exercises designed to help the brain function better during the learning process. As such, you can think of Brain Gym exercises as part of the overall theory of multiple intelligence. These exercises are based on the idea that simple physical exercise helps blood flow to the brain and can help improve the learning process by making sure the brain stays alert. Students can use these simple exercises on their own, and teachers can use them in class to help keep energy levels up throughout the day. These simple exercises are based on the copyrighted work of Paul E. Dennison, Ph.D., and Gail E. Dennison. Brain Gym  is a registered trademark of Brain Gym  International. I first encountered Brain Gym in Smart Moves, a best-selling book written by Carla Hannaford, Ph.D. Dr. Hannaford states that our bodies are very much a part of all our learning, and learning is not an isolated brain function. Every nerve and cell is a network contributing to our intelligence and our learning capability. Many educators have found this work quite helpful in improving overall concentration in class. Introduced here, you will find four basic Brain Gym exercises which implement the ideas developed in Smart Moves and can be used quickly in any classroom. Below is a series of movements called PACE. They are surprisingly simple, but very effective! Everyone has a unique PACE and these activities will help both teacher and student become positive, active, clear and energetic for learning. For colorful, fun PACE and Brain Gym ® supplies contact the Edu-Kinesthetics on-line bookstore at Braingym. Drink Water As Carla Hannaford says, Water comprises more of the brain (with estimates of 90%) than of any other organ of the body. Having students drink some water before and during class can help grease the wheel. Drinking water is very important before any stressful situation - tests! - as we tend to perspire under stress, and de-hydration can effect our concentration negatively. Brain Buttons Put one hand so that there is as wide a space as possible between the thumb and index finger.Place your index and thumb into the slight indentations below the collar bone on each side of the sternum. Press lightly in a pulsing manner.At the same time put the other hand over the navel area of the stomach. Gently press on these points for about 2 minutes. Cross Crawl Stand or sit. Put the right hand across the body to the left knee as you raise it, and then do the same thing for the left hand on the right knee just as if you were marching.Just do this either sitting or standing for about 2 minutes. Hook Ups Stand or sit. Cross the right leg over the left at the ankles.Take your right wrist and cross it over the left wrist and link up the fingers so that the right wrist is on top.Bend the elbows out and gently turn the fingers in towards the body until they rest on the sternum (breast bone) in the center of the chest. Stay in this position.Keep the ankles crossed and the wrists crossed and then breathe evenly in this position for a few minutes. You will be noticeably calmer after that time. More Whole Brain Techniques and Activities Have you had any experience using whole brain, NLP, Suggestopedia, Mind Maps or the like? Would you like to know more? Join the discussion in the forum. Using Music in the Classroom Six years ago researchers reported that people scored better on a standard IQ test after listening to Mozart. You would be surprised at how much music can also help  English learners. A visual explanation of the different parts of the brain, how they work and an example ESL EFL exercise employing the specific area. The use of colored pens to help the right brain remember patterns. Each time you use the pen it reinforces the learning process. Helpful Drawing Hints A picture paints a thousand words - Easy techniques to make quick sketches that will help any artistically challenged teacher - like myself! - use drawings on the board to encourage and stimulate class discussion. Suggestopedia: Lesson Plan Introduction and  lesson plan to a concert using the suggestopedia approach to effective/affective learning.

Hanoi Jane essays

Hanoi Jane essays The Vietnam War divided our country as no other war had to date. The slow build up in troops overseas began in the Kennedy administration and built progressively through the Johnson years. By the time the Nixon Presidency began in 1968, the war had become a hotly contested political and moral debate in the United States. Protests against the war and the many factions of the anti-war movement ripped at the countries resolve to be at war and win the war. As the number of wounded and killed mounted so did the anti-war movement. At the height of the tension at home in the late 1960s, Jane Fonda, movie star and activist, took over the leadership movement of the anti-Vietnam war. This paper will report three important aspects of Jane Fondas trip to N. Vietnam that impacted people involved in the war; she may have caused the death of many Americans by buoying the hopes of the North Vietnamese, the betrayal and deaths of American POWs, and participating in North Vietnamese propaganda. This paper explores the anti Vietnam efforts of Jane Fonda, who by what many considered her illegal trip to North Vietnam to encourage the communist army in their war efforts. As an outspoken communist and member of the violent Black Panther civil-rights activist group, Fonda began speaking on college campuses and at large rallies across the nation to stir up dissent to the war effort. She established the FTA (F _ _ _ the Army!) activist group in 1971 to create dissent in the United States. In 1972, with U. S. war efforts still at an intense level of conflict, Jane Fonda made a two-week visit to North Vietnam. While visiting Vietnam, Fonda visited a camp known to the prisoners as Hanoi Hilton. The prisoners were forced to see Fonda and deny that they were being tortured. Fonda then proceeded to travel home and pronounce that the prisoners were in good health. As the war moved on POWs began returning home (some of the ...

Gender Difference In Exercise Addiction And the Possible Roles of Lab Report

Gender Difference In Exercise Addiction And the Possible Roles of Eating Behaviour, Anxiety And Reason for Execise In Undergraduate Students - Lab Report Example This paper stresses that existing studies do not clearly differentiate between primary exercise dependence and problem exercise addiction as an associated feature, so predictions for exercise addiction may be possible. In case of female students who exercise, if there were no associated comorbid psychologic disorders, the personality profile and psychological morbidities do not differ from healthy controls. This study will recruit free living adult volunteers as participants and they do not have any bond with the investigator. Further this study does not involve any medical treatments, restrictions or biological sample collection. Therefore participants will not carry any serious risk. Participants are briefed about the survey and their written consent is taken just before they are given the questionnaires. They will be asked to give a personal code for confidential reasons. Their personal data will be handled confidentially throughout the survey and the final outcome of the research is explained. The participants will be told of the deadline for which the data collected will be used and they will also be made aware of the fact that they are free to withdraw their data at any time for any reason. They will be given a debriefing form which will also contain information on support services or websites they can go to for help if they have been in anyway affected by this or need more inform ation. The form will also have the researcher and supervisors contact details if needed.

Globalization, Communication And Postmodernity Describing The Shift Essay

Globalization, Communication And Postmodernity Describing The Shift From Web 1.0 To Web 2.0 - Essay Example From the read-only interface offered by Web 1.0, the introduction of Web 2.0 has opened various means of web communications making the web interface not only as a source of information, but also as an interactive zone. Blogs, wikis, social network sites, online games, and even e-commerce have redefined practices of communication in the postmodern times re-introducing the processes and activities in a globalized approach. Starting from Web 1.0 as the first generation World Wide Web, the first web interface offered read-only contents via static websites with limited performance and visual parameters, zero to minimal interaction with the site, and most importantly, web communication fundamentally facilitated via e-mail. Shuen (2008) has described Web 1.0 as a digitized place for searching information, for making available and transmitting various downloadables, and for fashioning e-commerce approach from the traditional mail-based interfaces. Added by Oreilly (2007), Web 1.0 treated web as a platform for presenting information using one-way channel of communication with limited response mechanisms. For instance, Web 1.0 services, such as Mp3.com, Akamai, Ofoto, content management systems, and others, are the means utilized for conveying content, downloadables, and information. ... Meanwhile, business model of Web 1.0 follows the principles of treating users as audience and speculating consumers (Eighmeya & McCordb, 1998), admin-based web business (Oreilly, 2007) and lastly, one-way search and one-way feed of information (Sinclair, et al., 2006). These details support and explain the architectural background of Web 1.0 that stems from the identified â€Å"architecture of presentation† (Oreilly, 2007; Sinclair, et al., 2006). On the other hand, the upgraded version known as Web 2.0 is characterized by the read-write interface where values emerge from the contribution of the larger viewers instead of the traditional command and control of information (Lytras, et al., 2008). The objectives of Web 2.0 are to enhance creativity, information sharing, and collaboration among users, such as the development of so-called web communities through various social networking sites, wikis, blogs, and folknomies (Zhang, 2008). Gossen (2011) has identified four key charac teristics of Web 2.0. He claims that web 2.0 fosters web presence on the web by allowing the option of regular updating, responding to, and even creating content under a user profile. Secondly, Web 2.0 allows personal modification of web-interface affecting the personal web experience of a single user with a 2.0-based website, and more notably, website contents are user generated often a result of collaboration between users and site developers. He also asserts that, Web 2.0 is about social participation through various web activities, such as ratings, rankings, commenting, feedback mechanisms, and others all aimed at interacting with other users. Aside from its

Workbook Diseases of the Human Body Essay Example for Free

Workbook Diseases of the Human Body Essay Assignment: For each scenario that follows, explain how and why you would schedule an appointment or suggest a referral based on the patient’s reported symptoms. Be sure to first review the â€Å"Guidelines for Patient-Screening Exercises† found on page iii in the Introduction section of your Workbook. A male patient calls for an appointment. He reports experiencing the sudden onset of excessive thirst and urination. He says that he is thirsty all the time and cannot seem to get enough to drink. How do you respond to this phone call? This patient suffering from a sudden urge to drink fluids as well as excessive urination is a sign of polydipsia. What polydipsia means is excessive thirst and a way one may have this condition is to have diabetes mellitus, which means there is an excessive amount of glucose in a persons blood which travels in the bloodstream and increases the symptoms that this patient is experiences (Polydipsia, 2008). In this case, the patient needs to be seen right away to be evaluated by their physician. A female patient calls the office and says she thinks she has swelling in her neck and is beginning to experience difficulty swallowing. How do you respond to this phone call? When the female patient called, she was on the phone talking about her neck swelling and how it was difficult to swallow things. In this case, I would schedule an appointment for a physical because she may be suffering from simple goiter which means her thyroid glands are enlarged and I would advise her not to worry because it wont be cancerous but her medical history should be reviewed and see if there is any reason for this to be happening or if it just came out of no where (Dugdale, 2012). An individual calls the office stating he is experiencing periods of rapid heartbeat and palpitations, insomnia, nervousness, and excitability. He states that despite excessive appetite and food ingestion, he is losing weight. How do you respond to this call? I would listen to what the patient has to say and after noting the symptoms suggest he may have hypoglycemia. What this basically means is low blood sugar also known as insulin shock and his blood sugar may be below 70 mg and in some cases it can be very deadly so I would tell him to go to the emergency room immediately and have his blood sugars taken care of before serious harm will happen (A.D.A.M., 2012). A woman calls the office stating that her husband, who has been diagnosed with diabetes, is experiencing excessive thirst, nausea, drowsiness, and abdominal pain. She just noticed a fruity odor on his breath. She wants to know what to do. How do you respond to this call? I would listen to the womans explanations of what her husband is going through and suggest that he may be going through something known as ketoacidosis. The reason ketoacidosis gives a fruity odor off is because the body is trying to get rid of excess acetone in the breath. This can be a very life threatening issue and I would advise going to the emergency room as soon as possible (Medline Plus, 2010). A patient calls the office saying she has started experiencing weight loss, excessive thirst, excessive hunger, and frequent urination. She also tells you her mother and aunt have diabetes. She says she just does not feel right. How do you respond to this call? With the way this woman was explaining her problems describes diabetes mellitus because if ones blood sugars are high it can cause everything that this woman is experiencing and I would advise her to see a physician promptly for and evaluation and to make sure her levels are not too elevated (Wikipedia, 2012). Sources: A.D.A.M. (2012). Pubmed health. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001423/ Dugdale, D. (2012, June 4). Pubmed health. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002161/ Medline Plus. (2010, Feburary 22). Breath odor causes and considerations. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003058.htm Polydipsia. (2008). Retrieved from http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/polydipsia Wikipedia. (2012, August 16). Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus

Mom :: essays research papers

When I was little, I referred to them as Mommy Susie and Mommy Patti. Mommy Susie was the one who gave birth to me, the one who died in a car accident when I was eleven months old. Mommy Patti was the one who married my dad when I was two and a half, who adopted me as her child, and has taken care of me ever since. I have vivid memories of talking to my adoptive mother about my biological mother, a subject matter which now seems oddly inappropriate. I think that, when I was younger, I did not entirely grasp the idea of death. I had no concept of the delicate familial web that was woven when one woman was taken away and another stepped in to fill her shoes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have no recollection of ever talking to my dad and brother about my mother. My dad plays the role of the strong male figure in the family, void of emotion and distress. He gives me no hint as to what my mother was like, perhaps because of his inclination to leave the past in the past. As for my brother, I can only imagine the impact that her death had on him. He was only four years old when he witnessed the whole gruesome ordeal, and I often feel that it is not my place to inquire about her, stirring up feelings he has deliberately suppressed for so many years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although it can be argued that I have two mothers with twice the love and twice the caring, I sometimes feel that I have no mother at all. I get jealous easily when I see the bond that many people share with their mother. To no fault of anyone, my relationship with my adoptive mother seems lacking in that area. They say that the love a mother feels for her child the first time she sees it is incomparable. I often feel as if I have been cheated out of such affection, as if part of me is missing. The bond that I had with my mother was broken before I even had the chance to experience it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Perhaps the most difficult part of my situation is discerning right from wrong. Is it wrong for me to call my biological mother my â€Å"real mother†? Does that take away credibility from the woman who has loved me and taken care of me for fifteen years?

History Us Essay

The Dawes Act, also known as the â€Å"General Allotment Act of 1887,† was – in theory – meant to protect the â€Å"property rights† of indigenous peoples during an anticipated â€Å"land rush† when â€Å"Unassigned Lands† in present-day Oklahoma were opened for settlement. Its sponsor, Senator Henry Dawes (R-Massachusetts), was a believer in the power of land ownership to â€Å"civilize† Native peoples, defining the term as the wearing of â€Å"civilized† (i. e. , manufactured and/or Euro-American type) clothing, the practice of agriculture, residing in homes made of wood and/or brick, the use of horse-drawn vehicles, formal schooling for children, consumption of alcohol and the ownership of property (Oates, 2000). While Dawes’ intentions may have been sincere, the nature of the Act and its results demonstrate that, unlike his detractor, Senator Henry Moore (R-Colorado) – who had actually lived in the West and had a better comprehension of Western land issues – Dawes had little understanding of indigenous culture and traditions. In fact, the U. S. government had spent the better part of a century in attempts to â€Å"register† native peoples and individuals. The Dawes Act was an attempt to â€Å"bribe† Indians with promises of land allotments prior to the land rush, partly in compensation for treatment of the previous 100 years. Not surprisingly, many Indians were not particularly trusting. Wars against, and subsequent relocation of the Nez Perce, Sioux, Yakama and other western tribes were not far in the past; even the painful forced relocation of the Cherokee and other Southeastern peoples a half-century before was within living memory of some. Fearing reprisals, many Indians who had refused to submit relocations in the past would not sign the Dawes Rolls. Either (Oates, 2000). Another provision of the Dawes Act required Indians to give up their given names and take on a more English-sounding name; therefore, someone whose name might translate as â€Å"Running Bear† would wind up having to register as â€Å"Richard Bill,† for example. This made it all too easy for government agents to slip in the names of friends and family members, resulting in the transfer of Indian lands to political cronies (Oates, 2000). The Dawes Act appears to contain an interesting conflict; whereas Section Six refers to Land Patents – which according to the law, grants the landholder unconditional rights to said property in perpetuity, Section Ten asserts Congress’ right of â€Å"Eminent Domain,† allowing the government to confiscate the land for any public use â€Å"upon making just compensation† (USC, 1887), creating a large loophole that was taken advantage of often in the ensuing four decades. The record is clear; nearly half of the treaty land passed into the possession of non-native settlers, and the Meriam Report of 1928 clearly showed how government agents had used provisions of the Dawes Act illegally to deprive indigenous peoples of their property – people who had very little concept of land ownership in the Euro-American sense on the first place. Most Native societies were built on communal living within the context of an extended clan-kinship grouping, which more often was matrilineal. This is significant, because of gender roles; traditionally, males were the hunters, while females gathered or – among the few Native peoples that practiced agriculture at all – engaged in the cultivation of food plants. The imposition of Industrial-Age and hyper-patriarchal Victorian values in which the man was the head of a small nuclear family dependent upon a capitalist system led to the disintegration and ultimate destruction of their traditional kinship support system (Norton, 2003). Ultimately, this was yet another â€Å"divide and conquer† strategy that allowed more Indian lands to pass into the control of Euro-American settlers. II. Reconstruction was an attempt on the part of the U. S. federal government to gradually bring the states of the former Confederacy back into the union and resolve social issues of the conflict. The initial phase of Reconstruction began in 1863 under Abraham Lincoln and his successor, Andrew Johnson. Lincoln’s intentions were to restore the Southern states as quickly and with as little rancor as possible; his moderate program mandated that as soon as 10% of a former Confederate state’s electorate signed a loyalty oath, that state could then form a government body and send representatives to Washington D. C. During the mid-term elections of 1866 however, Congress fell under the control of hard-liners of Johnson’s own party. These â€Å"Radical Republicans† – most likely out of vindictiveness toward ex-Confederates rather than any genuine concern for African-Americans – attempted to enforce â€Å"instant equality† onto Southern society. This â€Å"Radical† phase of Reconstruction lasted from 1866 to 1873, and emphasized civil rights and universal suffrage for freed blacks, many of whom were appointed to offices for which many were not necessarily qualified. Numerous well-meaning Northerners moved to the South as well with the intentions of educating blacks and providing relief for blacks and whites displaced by the war; however, they were accompanied by a large number of fortune seekers, who became known as â€Å"Carpetbaggers. † Along with free blacks and native white southern Republicans known as â€Å"Scalawags,† the Carpetbaggers formed a Republican coalition that managed to gain control of every southern state except for Virginia (Norton, 2003). The third phase of Reconstruction started when conservative Democratic coalitions of white supremacists – known as â€Å"Redeemers† – began taking back state legislatures, a process that was complete by 1877. (The former Confederacy would not elect another Republican president for 103 years). It would appear – at least from the perspective of a Southern landowner or former landowner – that such a backlash was inevitable. Many southern slaveholders operated under a sincere belief (misguided as it was) that their Negroes were better off under the â€Å"care† of their masters. When slaves went â€Å"on strike,† and even deserted plantations, surrendering themselves to oncoming Union troops, there were genuine feelings of betrayal. Meanwhile, Northerners often had little love for blacks; for example, an 1863 law that allowed rich whites to buy their way out of the draft led to perceptions among working-class whites that they were being expected to die for the benefit of blacks; this resulted in major riots in New York and Detroit in which many blacks were attacked and killed (Zinn, 2003). Once the white supremacists were back in control, they wasted little time in excluding Afro-Americans from mainstream society, banning them from restaurants, schools, and other establishments as well as suppressing the vote in a number of ways. When challenged in 1883 under the Fourteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court interpreted it in a way that made it useless as a guarantor of civil rights, essentially nullifying the Civil Rights Act of 1875. The majority ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment applied to states only, and not private citizens; therefore, discrimination by private individuals was completely within the law. In a dissenting opinion, Justice John Harlan – himself a former slave owner – wrote that discrimination was a â€Å"badge of slavery,† and therefore illegal under the Thirteenth Amendment banning the â€Å"peculiar institution,† as well as Article 4, Section 2 of the Fourteenth: â€Å"†¦the citizens [one born in the U. S. ] of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States† (Zinn, 2003). Nonetheless, the court then – as now – was swinging toward interpretations that favored Big Business and corporate capitalism, which has never had any use for equality of any kind. This eventually paved the way for Plessy v. Fergusson and the subsequent decades of â€Å"Jim Crow† apartheid in the south. III. On the eve of the First World War, class struggle between the workers and corporate capitalism was intensifying. On one side were socialist movements whose members clearly saw what the war was about: the struggle between capitalist power-brokers, through their bought-and-paid-for national governments, over land, colonies, resources, power and wealth – none of which in the working class, who nonetheless wound up fighting an dying in the trenches for these concepts, had any stake whatsoever. On the other side – then as now – were the corporate capitalists, who had a great deal at stake over the outcome of the war. American corporations had substantial investments in British companies and vice-versa; meanwhile, Britain was draining its treasury as well as its people for a war that historians today has never been shown to bring â€Å"any gain for humanity that would be worth one human life† (Zinn, 2003). The German announcement in April of 1917 that they would sink any ship carrying supplies to their enemies (i. e. , Britain) has long been cited as a reason that Wilson eventually sought a declaration of war from Congress. However, German-Americans had for some time been sending aid to the ancestral homeland, while the British had been interfering with the rights of U. S. citizens on the high seas during the same period. Because of economic reality however, Wilson had to find other reasons to enter the war on the side of the Allies (Zinn, 2003). According to historian Richard Hofstader, there were a number of economic reasons that shaped Wilson’s policy on the war; a recession that had begun in 1914 had begun to ease starting the following year because of orders by the Allies that totaled over $2 billion by 1917. By the time the war had begun, foreign investment in the U. S. totaled $3 ? billion. Foreign markets were considered vital to the U. S. economy. Since the outbreak of hostilities, Britain was buying not only durable goods and war materiel from U. S. companies, but since the lift on a ban on private bank loans to the Allies, were taking out many interest-bearing loans as well. The result is that the U. S. economy became closely tied to British victory. African-American author and activist W. E. B. DuBois clearly saw that the wealth of the U. S. and Europe was built on the backs of people in the lands which they had colonized – chiefly Africa and Asia, control over which were at the heart of the conflict. War, he said was a â€Å"safety valve† for the tensions of class conflict. Warfare created an â€Å"artificial community of interest† between the corporatist/investor class and that of the workers (Zinn, 2003). This was not lost on the workers of the nation. Only 73,000 men volunteered in during the first six weeks following the declaration, and there was little indication of public support. Socialist anti-war rallies throughout the country were attended by thousands of working people protesting the war and corporate profiteering. A conservative newspaper in Akron, Ohio admitted that the nation â€Å"had never embarked upon a more unpopular war† (Zinn, 2003). The federal government – at the behest of the corporate interests who then (as now) had the legislature in its back pocket – had little choice but institute legal and punitive measures which included both military conscription and the Espionage Act – a law of dubious constitutionality passed for the purpose of silencing dissent (Oates, 2000). While ostensibly the law was to protect the nation from spies, a clause provided for a penalty of up to twenty years imprisonment for anyone found guilty of causing â€Å"insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty,† although another clause stated that â€Å"nothing in this section shall be construed to limit or restrict†¦any discussion, comment, or criticism of the acts or policies of the Government. † Nonetheless, Socialist leader Charles Schenk was arrested in September 1917 for the distribution of leaflets arguing that conscription was a violation of the Thirteenth Amendment. Another Socialist, Eugene V. Debs, was arrested the following June for making a public speech against the war. Eventually, nine hundred people were incarcerated under the Espionage Act and dissenters buried under an intense propaganda campaign by the government and their corporate lapdogs in the media. IV. â€Å"Prohibition† – the perhaps well-intentioned, but misguided attempt to outlaw the consumption of alcohol and spirituous liquors – dates back to the beginning of the republic. During colonial times, moderate alcohol consumption was tolerated, but over-indulgence was not. Alcohol was a â€Å"gift of God,† while drunkenness was seen as an abuse of that gift, but alcohol itself was not seen as a problem – only the behaviors associated with its excessive consumption. By the time of the revolution however, this had changed significantly. The shift from an agrarian to an urban society brought with it the usual consequences of poverty and unemployment, which in turn resulted in crime. With a strongly Puritan-influenced mindset, most devout Americans were unable to make the connection between poverty and crime, so alcohol became the scapegoat. The complete prohibition of alcoholic beverages was promulgated by religious Protestant groups on the grounds that it was the cause of crime and domestic violence. Prohibition movements met with limited success in the years running up to the Civil War. After a twenty-year hiatus, the concept was revived by the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the Prohibition Party, which gained significant political power in the forty-year period on either side of 1900. Prohibition laws were enacted locally throughout the nation, even to the point of becoming state law in Kansas. A number of southern states as well as individual counties within those states, with their streak of religious conservatism and intolerance, followed suit (Norton, 2003). (This patchwork of laws had some rather odd results that persist to the present day; for example, Jack Daniels Whiskey is still manufactured in Lynchburg, Tennessee, but local ordinance makes it illegal to sell or purchase it there. )

Philosophy 103

According to Sartre, a philosopher from the World War II and Cold War eras, people will create the world around them, thus manipulating their lives. By doing this, they create certain limitations, while also creating more possibilities. Sartre created his philosophical theory at a time in history when more people were able to afford more amenities and luxuries for themselves. More and more industries, companies, and manufacturers were popping up around the world. This created a global human interest in possessing more amenities, especially in a democratic society.People were now able to not only afford the items they needed in order to sustain a normal lifestyle, but they could own things that could entertain them and bring them happiness. This is a lifestyle that has continued on through today. Many people argue that the habit of buying unnecessary items as opposed to buying those that are vital has become worse over time. Many of us wonder why this is the case. Sartre states that p eople â€Å"may not become what they wish to be† because they are too busy focusing on their material possessions instead of focusing on improving their moral selves.It is the responsibility of the person to decide what is really important in their lives. Sartre also makes a few more important notations towards his theory. First, many people think that they will only be defined by the items in which they possess. People think they will only be accepted socially if they possess items that are considered to be attractive to others. People also think they are only defined by what they have, not by who they are as people. However, Sartre also says, in reality, the world in which we live in is not composed of all the material possessions.But we tend to feel complete when we do possess these. It is our way of â€Å"escaping responsibility†. A free market constantly manipulates us, and it is easy for us to fall into its trap. When choosing whether or not to splurge on luxury items, we tend to evaluate our lifestyles and consider what are values truly are. When we evaluate our lifestyles, we fulfill ourselves in which we think will improve our overall lifestyle. Our values become our material possessions, therefore forgetting what is morally significant in our lives.It is all up to the way in which we evaluate things and our ability in attempting to resist our negative and insignificant assumptions of ourselves and the lifestyles we choose to maintain. When doing this, we usually create standards for ourselves to abide by. We only will invest in the most expensive items because we believe it will make us appear more superior to everyone else. By doing this, we forget about what is important: our consciousness of our spending habits with our money.For example, when it comes to buying a car, we forget about the role a car is meant to play in our lives. As opposed to focusing on its ability to get us from place to place, we only focus on the way it looks, h ow fast it can go, how good the sound system is, how high we can have it lifted, etc. By doing this, people lose sight of what is morally important like shelter, food, and one’s own livelihood. We see this a lot in our everyday lives. You see this on billboards, over the radio, in magazines, in movies, and especially on television. According to dictionary. om, a â€Å"Marketer† is defined as â€Å"A person whose duties include the identification of the goods and services desired by a set of consumers, as well as the marketing of those goods and services on behalf of a company. † This means that the job of the marketer is to convince the average consumer that they need their product, and this is where more often then not people confuse Luxuries versus needs. First lets start by defining â€Å"need. † In the strictest sense of the word, a â€Å"need† is something that you have to have to get by in this world – a necessity.You need food, shelte r, clothing, medical care, which are all examples of the basics. You will probably experience physical suffering of some sort if you don't have your needs met. On the other hand, a â€Å"Luxury† is something that you desire — something you would like to have. But by no means will you suffer in any way except perhaps mental anguish, if you don't get the thing you want. â€Å"Wants† quite often fall into the category of Luxuries, nice to have, but the world won't end without them. The hard part comes when you live in a prosperous capitalistic society, like ours.The â€Å"western† standard of living is so high that even many of our poor tend to live above the level of basic needs. In 1998, 97% of â€Å"poor† Americans (as defined by the Census Bureau) owned a television — something that could definitely be considered a luxury. In many third-world countries, less than 30% of the population even has access to electricity, which most westerners wo uld consider an absolute necessity. My intention is not to make anyone feel guilty — it's simply to point out that the distinction between want and need is often relative.It depends on the area in which you live, the company you keep, the lifestyle you choose, and the expectations of the society around you. We are influenced, every day, by the popular culture around us. Television, magazines, movies, and advertising have all done a splendid job of programming us to think that we need a lot of excess consumable goods. Pretend that you are watching TV or flipping through your favorite magazine and see an ad for something awesome. Suddenly, your heart speeds up, and you get a tingly feeling in your gut. It's perfect, how had you ever lived without it before?You rush right to the store, what?! You don't have any left in stock?! Your heart sinks and you feel a rush of disappointment. You spend the rest of the day moping because you couldn't find it anywhere. Now, this might be a b it of an exaggeration, but it's not far off the mark for some people. How often have you learned of a new product and were certain that you absolutely had to have it? What if you had never seen the ad? Would your life be any worse off? It's as if the knowledge that something exists causes the need for it. Thus brings up the age-old saying of keeping up with the Joneses.With the advent of the â€Å"global society,† the Joneses are not just the people next door anymore. They include movie stars and billionaires and imaginary people on TV that don't even really exist. But we hold these folks up as the standard against which we should measure our own lives. Just because Bill Gates has a multi-million dollar house, we think ours is too small. Certainly, no one is suggesting that one gives away everything they own and become a monk, but it is important that one strikes a balance between those things that they have to have and the things that they would like to have.It is also impor tant that people be able to prioritize their spending. The goal is to focus on those things that will really improve one’s quality of life, rather than just look flashy. Here's a perfect example of prioritizing between two â€Å"wants. † Wouldn't it be nice to retire early? Not have to work, spend your time doing what you want? And let's say that while you are thinking about retiring early, you are also looking to buy a house. You could choose the $500,000 home with 10 bedrooms, or you could choose the smaller, less-expensive house that meets all of your basic needs.If you choose the expensive home, you can probably kiss retiring early goodbye. But, if you decide that retiring early would improve your quality of life more than having a huge flashy house, the choice is simple. This coincides with Sartre’s theory of self-responsibility. He defines it as â€Å"individuals are responsible for their choice, i. e. , they are the incontestable author of their act. â⠂¬  This means that whatever decision a person makes, whether it be good or bad, is their own personal responsibility.For example, when a professional athlete is caught cheating by using steroids, throwing a fight, or betting on themselves, etc. they are personally responsible for the actions that take place thereafter. This also applies to Sartre’s theory on responsibility for others. He states that, â€Å"in choosing for one's self, one is thus also choosing for others and is to that extent responsible for the others. † So by having the professional athlete cheat, he or she is also affecting others, such as fans, the team’s image, and their teammates, with their actions.Sartre’s teachings on existentialism are a perfect example for the topic of Luxuries versus necessities. His idea of personal responsibility and the responsibility of others shows that in Sartre’s eye’s every consumer is responsible for themselves and if their actions caus e a negative reaction on the rest of society they person responsible for this change be held accountable. When choosing between necessities and luxuries its up to one’s own moral judgment to decide what is considered a necessity or what is a luxury. So next time your out buying something think to yourself what kind of effect could this it have on society?

The North American and Western Larch

The North American and Western Larch The native range of the Tamarack, or Larix laricina, occupies the coldest regions of Canada and the northern-most forests of central and northeastern United States. This conifer was named tamarack  by native American Algonquians and means wood used for snowshoes but has also been called eastern tamarack, American tamarack, and hackmatack. It  has one of the widest ranges of all North American conifers. Although thought to be a cold-loving  species, tamarack  grows under extremely varied climatic conditions. It can be found in isolated pockets in West Virginia and Maryland and in disjunct areas of interior Alaska and the Yukon. It can easily survive average January cold temperatures from -65 degrees F to warm July temperatures that exceed 70 degrees F. This toleration of climate extremes explains its wide distribution. The extreme cold of northernmost strands will affect its size where it will remain a small tree, attaining a height of about 15 feet. Larix laricina,  in the pine family  Pinaceae,  is a small to medium-size  boreal  conifer that  is uniquely  deciduous where needles annually turn a beautiful yellow color and drop in autumn. The  tree  can grow to 60 feet in height on certain sites with  trunk  growth that can exceed 20 inches in diameter.  Tamarack can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions but grows most commonly, and to its maximum potential, on wet to moist organic soils of  sphagnum and woody peat. Larix laricina is very intolerant of shade but is an early pioneer tree species that invades bare wet organic soils by seeding. The tree typically appears first in swamps, bogs, and muskeg where they start the long process of forest succession.   According to  one U.S Forest Service report, the principal commercial use of tamarack in the United States is for making pulp products, especially the transparent paper in window envelopes. Because of its rot resistance, tamarack is also used for posts, poles, mine timbers, and railroad ties. The key characteristics used for the identification of tamarack: This is the only eastern conifer with deciduous needles arranged in radiating clusters.Needles are growing from blunt spurs in groups of 10 to 20.Cones are small and egg-shaped with no visible  bracts between scales.Foliage turns yellow in autumn. The Western Larch or  Larix occidentalis Western larch or Larix occidentalis is in the pine family Pinaceae  and often called western tamarack. It  is the largest of the larches and most important timber species of the genus Larix. Other common names include  hackmatack, mountain larch, and Montana larch. This conifer, when compared to Larix laricina, has a range that is much reduced to just four U.S. states and one Canadian province- Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. Like the tamarack, western larch is a deciduous conifer whose needles turn yellow and drop in autumn. Unlike tamarack, western larch is very tall, being the largest of all the larches and reaching heights of over 200 feet on preferred soils. The habitat for  Larix occidentalis  is on mountain slopes and in valleys and can grow  on swampy ground. It is often seen growing with Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine. The tree does not do as well as tamarack when dealing with broad changes in climatic factors as a species. The tree  grows in a relatively moist-cool climatic zone, with low temperature limiting its upper elevational range and deficient moistures its lower extremes- it is basically limited to the Pacific northwest and to the states mentioned. Western larch forests are enjoyed for their multiple resource values including timber production and aesthetic beauty. The seasonal change in hue of larchs delicate foliage from light green in the spring and summer, to gold in the fall, enhances the beauty of these mountain forests. These forests provide the ecological niches needed for a wide variety of birds and animals. Hole-nesting birds comprise about one-fourth of the bird species in these forests. According to a U.S Forest Service report, western larch timber is used extensively for lumber, fine veneer, long-straight utility poles, railroad ties, mine timbers, and pulpwood. It is also valued for its  high water-yielding forest-areas where management can influence water yield through harvest cuttings and young stand culture. The key characteristics used for the identification of western larch: A larch trees color stands out in forests- pale grass green in summer, yellow in the fall.Needles grow from blunt spurs in groups like  L. laricina  but on hairless twigs.Cones are larger than L. laricina  with visible yellowish, pointed bracts between scales.

We Are The Future essays

We Are The Future essays In an age where the phrase Youve got mail is second nature and the infinite stretches of knowledge on the information highway are only a click away, we have to stop to think. What are we doing? Where are we going? If there are problems, how do we solve them? There are three main points Id like to present to you and would like to share my opinion with you. First and foremost, if the world expects us to deal with social, environmental, and political problems, how do we know what they are and what to do about them? Secondly, our generation needs to plan and organize to place itself in a better position to make decisions in our daily lives. We cant let computers do everything, and let human interaction go to waste. Third and lastly, in my personal opinion, I believe that service to community, will help us strengthen the bonds of confidence and fill the gaps of age between my generation and yours. Lets take the first main point. Riots, fascists, discrimination, robberies, poverty, school violence, alcohol, drug, and physical abuse, just to name a few. Many of these problems have been have only been attempted to be resolved. Some of them will remain until a meteor falls from the sky. Humanity, and our generation need to know these things. The reality is that were only beginning to notice what is happening to our society. Immersed in makeshift fashions, one-week death diets, and a constant reminder that this is only the beginning are what keep us from accomplishing things. Solution? Currently, none at the moment. Were too busy pretending to discover rocks, too tired to get up and change the channels manually, and undecided on whether we should colonize Mars and search for aliens or stay here and go out with friends to a movie on Saturday night. Secondly, where communication is all but minimized - it is called telecommunications. Where it ...

Business and Management Research (Leadership topic) Coursework

Business and Management Research (Leadership topic) - Coursework Example According to several eminent authors around the world, leadership activity plays critical roles in initiating the actions of the organization, motivating the workforce, providing guidance to the team followers, building a proper working environment and also coordinating with the upper management in order to ensure smother work flow (Duke, 2009; Mackay, 2007; Harrell, 2008). This segment of the study will undertake a critical review of the article, â€Å"Combinative aspects of leadership style and the interaction between leadership behaviours† by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng. This journal article was published in the year 2010 in Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 31 No. 6, and can be found in pages 501-517. The authors carried out this study for the principal purpose of testing an alternative standpoint of interaction, which is purely based on the technique or way leaders amalgamates various leadership behaviours (Casimir and Ng, 2009). The two principa l leadership behaviours considered by the authors are socio-emotional leadership and task oriented leadership. The subsequent section of the study will enumerate brief summary and review the findings of the paper. In addition, this paper will also critically review the study by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng in the context of its weaknesses and strengths. Review and Summary of the Paper The study by Gian Casimir and Yong Ngee Keith Ng was about examining the interaction between socio-emotional leadership and task-oriented leadership. According to the authors, there were two major underlying principles for which the subject of study was opted. The first and most important reason was that these two leadership styles have always been the centre of attention when it came to test of interaction in the field of leadership literature. The second reason was that the authors identified that a number of day-to-day organizational leadership involve attitudes and behaviour that can be arti culated as task oriented behaviour or socio emotional behaviour (Luthans, Hodgetts and Rosenkrantz, 1988; Judge, Piccollo and Ilies 2004; Komaki, 1986). Lastly the topic of interaction is also considered to be significant (Blalock, 1965; Cronbach, 1987). In the meantime, it is also necessary to define the two leadership style being discussed here in the study. A proper definition will help in better understanding of the subject and will also help in reviewing and summarising the paper. Task oriented leadership is often deemed as multifaceted and encompass wide range of behavioural traits (Glass, 2010; B. Bass and R, Bass, 2009; Northouse, 2011). Some of the typical function of task oriented leadership is allocation of resources, assigning the particular job to the followers, emphasizing on the deadlines, to cross check whether the followers are actually following the rules and regulation and maintaining the decorum of the organization and pressurizing the followers to work hard towa rds the achievement of the goals (Delamater, 2006; Heinemann and Zeiss, 2002; Lussier and Achua, 2009). Therefore, from the perception of the authors, it is evident that one of the most vital features of a task oriented leader is pressurizing the followers to accomplish the task in timely manner by delegating the tasks as per the capabilities of the followers (Misumi, 1985). On the

Search and Rescue in Residential Fire Structures Research Paper

Search and Rescue in Residential Fire Structures - Research Paper Example It is vital to the safety of our society that researchers continue to enhance the technologies that allow fire fighters to do their jobs in the safest and most effective fashion possible, especially those working in residential structure fires and residential search and rescue. Residential structure fires are responsible for approximately two to three thousand civilian deaths per year since 1997, but these numbers have been dropping due to improved fire prevention education, early fire detection, and fire suppression technologies being used, and also the improved technologies and equipment available for search and rescue efforts (USFA, 2008). These search and rescue technologies fall into two major categories: those devices that make it easier for fire fighters to find and save those victims trapped within a burning building and those technologies that protect the fire fighters' own lives, which indirectly will save even more lives than the direct equipment. Technologies that allow f ire fighters to rescue those victims who have been trapped within a burning building mainly include those which allow the rescue workers to find those individuals more quickly. The primary and most impressive piece of equipment in this category is the thermal imaging camera. A thermal imaging camera helps the fire fighters to see people more easily through dense smoke or haze, by analyzing the image of a trapped figure and â€Å"convert[ing] the 'thermal signature' to a visible image† (Marlow Industries Inc, 2008). These cameras are able to convert the most minute differences in the temperature of objects into a visible light image for the fire fighter using the camera to view, and they work even in complete darkness as they do not require any ambient visible light to resolve the images (FLIR Commercial Vision Systems, n.d.). This combination of processes means that a thermal imaging camera can be used by a fire fighter to look into a dark or smoke-filled room and determine i mmediately if there are any people within the room who need to be evacuated from the building. The image will also show the fire fighter if there are any flames or ignition sources within that room (FLIR Commercial Vision Systems, n.d.) Such cameras work by visualizing an image using infrared radiation instead of visible light sources. They are able to produce images at high resolution through heavy smoke due to the fact that the infrared radiation used has a longer wavelength, reducing scattering off of particulate matter in the air. (FLIR Commercial Visions Systems, n.d.). Some cameras are even able to transmit these images to a commander outside the building, allowing him or her to better control the situation within the building based on the real-time data being received (Santa Clara County Fire Department, â€Å"High-Tech and Specialized Equipment, n.d.). These cameras are also sometimes of adjustable sensitivity, to allow for varying temperature ranges in the space being view ed. They can be more sensitive for narrow temperature ranges, such as looking into a hot room, and less sensitive cameras for situations where temperatures vary more widely, such as trying to locate an individual in a smoky but relatively cool room (Amon, Bryner, & Hamins, 2005).

Identify and assess ways in which globalisation affects the Essay

Identify and assess ways in which globalisation affects the international business environment - Essay Example As a result, businesses have to change according to change in the environment. This will ensure the businesses are making extensive improvement in serving the clients who need their products. To begin with, globalisation has led to provision of cheap labour in the business environment. In the previous decades, migrating from one place to another place was not an easy task. As such, there was minimal migration of people from one country to another. However, with developing globalisation, migration from one country to another has been made easy (Nederveen, 2009:13). As a result, people are migrating from one country to another with a variety of reasons. One of the ostensible reasons for migration is looking for employment. Many people feel that they have a greater chance, especially when comparing the remuneration when working in abroad countries. For example, there has been a recorded influx of immigrants in the United States. The ostensible reason for such immigrants is employment opportunities (French, 2008:9). This has increased the number of job seekers in the country. As such, the businesses and firms in the country have a variety of potential employees to delegate d uties. This leads to critical decision making, especially when employing workers. Many businesses rely on the immigrants, since they provide cheap labour. This is an approach by many businesses, since they save on costs (Sullivan and Kymlicka, 2007:9). This leads to enhanced profitability, as the businesses optimise the cheap labour. While this is positivity to immigrants, it elicits negative sentiments from the natives of the region. For example, many natives in a country may find it easy to get a well-paying job. This is due to the reliance on cheap labour from the immigrants, which has been instigated by globalisation (DiLuzio, 2008:7). Globalisation has led to optimisation and expansion of businesses across international borders (Bertho, Crawford and Fogarty, 2008:14).

Great Gatsby Research Essay Essay Example for Free

Great Gatsby Research Essay Essay The majority of what Fitzgerald writes in his stories are about the love for rich girls. In real life he has personally experienced falling for a wealthy girl, Zelda. In the book, The Great Gatsby, he writes about a boy who isn’t rich that is in love with a girl named daisy, who is rich like Zelda. Gatsby later lost his love, Daisy, when he went to war, for Fitzgerald, he was rejected by Ginevra King’s father who said â€Å"poor boys don’t marry wealthy girls,† which was said by Daisy in the book. He was asking for her hand in marriage. Then Fitzgerald got denied by Zelda Sayre. Daisy, the women jay Gatsby has been basing on his whole life on, is similar to Zelda Sayre who would not marry him at first since he was unsuccessful Fitzgerald lived in Great Neck, Long Island, in which his first child was born. To Zelda, Fitzgerald was seen poor but he was really upper middle class, but Zelda’s Standards were too high, like Daisy. Gatsby and Fitzgerald both met vital women to their lives at dances and both while they were stationed at army camps They both had highly society connections and down falls such as Gatsby getting murdered in the pool by George Wilson, for love. Fitzgerald died of alcohol use when he was trying to become rich again. Gatsby made money by bootlegging while Fitzgerald made money by writing. Fitzgerald Scott was self-destructive because he would drink to much, due to being an alcoholic. He was very social but then later on in his life he became very rude and started to offend people, due to his alcoholism. Gatsby was always trying to make himself better, improving him self. He was very self-disciplined and an outsider. They were both faithful and dedicated to the ladies the fell in love with. F. Scott’s wife, Zelda, was sent to a refuge in the last few years of her life. He made sure to never allow him or their daughter that they had together for get about her. Being the dedicated man he was, he would go see her to visit at the asylum. In the book, many of the characters represents the people that Fitzgerald met in his life, including his own character that represents him. To add on to that, F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in Great Neck, Long Island after his first child was born. At the time, the Great Neck was home to many of the wealthiest people on Long Island. A scholar has proven that there are many similarities between the Great Neck and the West Egg. In the movie version, Daisy tells Gatsby that Rich girls dont marry poor boys. This line was taken straight out of Fitzgeralds life. The father of his first love, a young woman by the name of Ginevra King, supposedly told him that after Fitzgerald asked for Ginevras hand in marriage. There are many other similarities between F. Scott Fitzgerald and Jay Gatz (Gatsby)- keep your eyes out for them! F. Scott and Gatsby were born in a middle class family. Both of their fathers started out very wealthy until they both failed with their business when the crashed. They both came from an underprivileged family, in many cases, inclined a lot on both of their behaviors and goals. For school, both Gatsby and F. Scott were drop-outs from Universities and joined the army in 1917. There are a bunch of similarities between the two. The Author of the Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald Scott, based this story one his own life in almost every scene in the book.

Who is the real Shakespeare? Essay -- William Shakespeare Playwrights

Who is the real Shakespeare? One of the largest mysteries of current time is the debate over who the author of the plays commonly attributed to William Shakespeare really is. Commonly termed as the â€Å"authorship problem,† many skeptics believe that the William Shaksper of Stratford (the spelling of his name originally) could not have been the true composer of the plays he is traditionally attributed with. Although the thought of someone besides Shakespeare composing the plays is not popular with the American and European world, there are excessive theories concerning the truth behind the possibility of the works being authentically his. Doubts about the true composer of Shakespeare’s works generally arise from the fact that there is no logical match between the working-class William Shaksper of Stratford and the work, and the absence of proper documentation that connect him to any of the works. According to Volker Multhopp in his essay â€Å"Why I am not a Stratfordian,† â€Å"This man achieved the absolute pinnacle of English literature in an era when class was paramount, yet his own origin was absolutely ordinary-- middle class† (1). According to the Oxford Society in the â€Å"Shakespeare Authorship FAQ,† â€Å"Nothing about the Stratford man rings true: his character, his background, his education, his family, his friends, his behavior towards his debtors and his neighbors, his recorded conversation and his attitude to money and property† (1). With all of the evidence pointed against the Stratford man as being the author of the world’s greatest literature , Stratfordians claim that the consequential details of his life pointing against him merely make him an unmitigated genius. Doubts about the... ...st literature of all times. It is possible that the Stratford man could have befriended aristocrats and gained the favor of Elizabeth herself, even having guidance from other aristocrats. On the other hand, because there is no evidence that the Stratford man was the author of the works, it is hard to accept the common man as the William Shakespeare that the plays were accredited to. Perhaps the reason that Shakespeare’s works have not been attributed to any other man would attest to the fact that scholars are not willing to accept the implications that the man celebrated to be the world’s most ingenious literary figure is not, in fact, who he was thought to be. However, the search for evidence leading to the true author will continue out of the ethical implications that credit must be given to the true author of the world’s greatest literature.

19th Century of American Literature Essay

Choose one short story and one poem from the 19th century. Write to compare the ways in which each of these may be considered representative of American culture during the time period in which it was written. Cite specific evidence from the literature to support your ideas. Short story: The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin A woman by the name of Mrs. Mallard has some heart problems so those around her are worried that revealing the news of her husband’s recent death might cause her a lot of stress and sadness which might in turn make her heart worse. See more: Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essay â€Å"Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.† (Chopin) Upon hearing the news she breaks into tears, just as her loved ones had feared. She is expressing sadness over her husband’s death. â€Å"She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms.† (Chopin) She then experiences grief, where she doesn’t want anything to do with anyone at the moment because her mind is in such a fragile state, plagued with emotions and thoughts, that she needs space alone to clear it. â€Å"She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms.† (Chopin) After being in her room for some time her thoughts are starting to get to her. She doesn’t know it yet, but she is so sad that she’s allowing her thoughts to get the better of her and she is not in a strong state to deal  with them which will only cause things to get worse. â€Å"There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it?† (Chopin) She is dying from a broken heart and she is welcoming death to take her and free her from the pain she is feeling of missing her husband. â€Å"Free! Body and soul free!† she kept whispering.† (Chopin) She was feeling such sadness and grief that is had but a lot of stress on her heart and weakened it to the point of fatality. â€Å"When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease–of the joy that kills.† (Chopin) â€Å"The Story of an Hour† was written during the romantic period which was a time where writers and artists worked to free humanity from the mindset that everything was based upon logic and explanation. This story was written to bring light to the idea that emotions are important and that they are so important, they can affect you physically and can kill you. This story touches heavily on grief and sorrow and it connects physical problems with emotional ones which portrays the goals of many writers and artists through the romantic period because they wanted to express emotion and this sort story definitely did just that. Poem: Raven by Edgar Allan Poe The Raven is a story about a person who is mourning over the loss of a love . â€Å"ONCE upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore† (Poe) The â€Å"tapping† he hears are his own thoughts, the answer to a question that he longs to know the answer to. He represents it in the form of a physical object coming to him in the middle of the night. â€Å"While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.† (Poe) He wants his lover back because he is still deeply in love with her. â€Å"From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore, 10 For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore: Nameless here for evermore.† (Poe) He is afraid of his own thoughts because deep in his mind he knows that he will never see his lover again and that she is gone for good, but he still refuses to believe she is gone for good so he searches for some reassurance that it’s not true, but he’s scared to find the answer because he’s scared he’ll be proven right. â€Å"Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, 25 Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortals ever dared to dream before;† (Poe) The poem â€Å"The Raven† was written during the romantic period, a time where literature and art expressed senses and emotion rather than reason and logic. This poem is reflecting deeply on the emotions of love, sorrow, grief, and a possible anger. It touches on human emotions and brought attention to humanity and what it is like to be a human from an emotional view which was the goal in the romantic period.

Care planning for individual needs Essay

Care planning to meet the care needs of an individual (P4, M3, D2) What are the potential differences in Sally’s care needs at all the different life stages? Childhood: In Sally’s childhood, she grew up in mining town which may have been detrimental to her health due to the dust particles and other substance that could have been brought up from the mine, she has stated that when she was growing up, that there was ice on the inside of the window, that the house was cold and damp, and that she remembers having Bronchitis every year and having three weeks off in infant and junior school. Sally also said that she remember when she was little that she was told of for having the back door wide open because it was so hot she did not know why until a lot of years later when her mom said that she had measles which was very serious and that she could of died from it. She also states that when she was eleven, that she and her parents moved in to a house with central heating. Differences in Sally’s care: Not having central heating from an early age, she also contracted bronchitis and measles which could have been detrimental to her health. Adolescence: Sally has said that in her teens, she experienced really bad period pains and that she was taken out of education because of it, but she also says that she was prescribed with tablets that made her really drowsy and sleepy but she says that it took the pain away. Differences in sally’s care: Every girl in their teens will at some point start having periods, some girls will have really bad pains from it and some wont, in Sally’s case she would have needed medication to help relieve the pain and have a general practitioner that would be allowed to get prescribed her the medication. Adulthood: When Sally was twenty years old she said that she experienced a lot of burning in her throat, and that she could not eat properly, that’s she had to have a endoscopy (a camera put down her throat to determine what it was) and the surgeon found out that Sally had a relaxed muscle at the top of her oesophagus/gullet. This was because her stomach acid could escape in to her throat, she says that the doctor gave her some medication and that she would have to take it all her life, and that she had to be careful in bending down/over, and that she had to sleep on a slant which she says was very  uncomfortable, but she had to so that the stomach acid would not travel out of her stomach and in to her mouth. Sally also states that she had a miscarriage in her middle twenties and an ectopic pregnancy (when the embryo implants itself outside of the uterus) but she eventually had a baby and then two more. She then decided to go on to the contraceptive pill so that she could not have any more children. Difference in Sally’s care: Burning in her throat because of a relaxed muscle, having an endoscopy put down her throat – that’s would have been very weird for her and a bit scary as well. Having a miscarriage would make her a bit scared of having children in the future as it would for any women and then having an ectopic pregnancy as well but eventually she have her own children, 3 of them. Adulthood and Later Adulthood Sally says that when she was in her thirties, she was in a car accident and unfortunately her teeth were smashed on impact, Sally had to have some dental work and she had to have porcelain veneers, Sally really hated the fact that she has not got her own teeth as she states that she took great care of them. Sally is now 61 years of age and she says also that that she went through the menopause in her fifties and that she still suffers from night sweats and hot flushes now and again, she has to wear glasses as that her eye sight has weakened and that she also suffers from arthritis in her fingers. Difference in sally’s care: Being in a car accident, unfortunately this is quite common as that there are a lot of bad drivers out on the road but having all her teeth smashed well that’s not as common, this would have been another life experience for Sally having to lose all of her teeth and having fake ones. Going through menopause this generally happen to all women in the fifties and it can make women quite self-conscious about themselves, to make it even worst she still suffers from night sweats which will make her sweaty and she may be concerned that she smells when around others. Eye sight she has to wear glasses so that would be something new for her but again is quite common in elder age and so is arthritis.

Managerial Exercise 2 Essays - International Trade, Free Essays

Managerial Exercise 2 Essays - International Trade, Free Essays Name: Muhammad Adeel Qayum Shaikh Managerial Exercise 2 The Asian country of Tamoa imports large quantities of down pillows each year. DownPillow, a US company, would like to do more business there, but it has a problem. Tamoa has a large number of regulations affecting importation and the sale of down bedding. After reading the following five regulations, evaluate their legality and their impact on DownPillow. What course of action should DownPillow take? 1.Pillows made from down harvested from Tamoan flocks may be labeled as goose down even though they contain up to 25 percent duck down, (Down is taken from both geese and ducks, but duck down is considered inferior). If the pillow is made from foreign down, then a pillow labelled goose down may contain no more than 5 percent duck down. US regulations recognize that geese and ducks often get plucked together and therefore permit goose down to contain up to 10 percent down duck. DownPillow believes the 10 percent tolerance is reasonable, but given farming methods in most countries it is not possible to sort out the geese and the ducks any better than that. Tamoa believes that the stricter standard for imported pillows is justified to protect Tamoan consumers from fraud, and because Tamoan farmers do not raise any ducks, the 25 percent domestic standard is irrelevant anyway. Ans: DownPillow should look at procurement rules that protect foreign firms from government favoring domestic producers. They can ask the USTR to present the case to WTO if the domestic standard is irrelevant. Also, the MFA agreement can work in DownPillows favor to get restrictions reduced. 2.Tamoa also requires that the cotton coverings of all pillows be certified to meet certain ecology and human health standards for textiles, they may not contain any harmful chemicals such as chlorine, and they must be tested to minimum standards set by the International Organization for Standardization. Certifications are accepted from testing labortaries in any country. US regulations dont require certification. Ans; According to the principle of less restrictive trade, these regulations may not be used more than necessary, and unless they are trade neutral. DownPillow can also bring the WTO agreement on Sanitary and Unsanitary restrictions into light that do not allow imposing of such standards if they restrict trade. 3.All pillow imports must be inspected on arrival in Tamoa. No inspects are permitted at the foreign factory. Taomoa has one inspector who must remove down from at least three pillows from every shipment and subject it to laboratory analysis. Given the current backlog, inspections are taking up to 4 weeks, during which pillows can be damaged by humid weather. Ans: This certainly makes DownPillow suffer a loss. They should bring the WTO agreements on notice that do not allow such inspection to take place if it is making imports too restrictive. 4.Tamoan restrictions also require DownPillows plant to be inspected, and the sterilization process to be approved by officials. In the US, the down is sanitized and washed, and subjected to hot air. But the Tamoan ministry refused to accept sterilization permits, and approvals from state health department in the US. Tamoa doesnt pay the overseas travel expenses of its inspectors. Ans: This violates the fair trade practices and agreements such as the MFA. Tamoas exports to the US will suffer if they continue this practice. According to fair trade rules set by the WTO, the sterilization process can be relaxed and permits by the US health department can be accepted if trade is being harmed. 5.Tamoan regulations prohibit pillows and comforters from being vacuum packed and compressed for shipment to ensure the down is not damaged in the shipment. DownPillow ships smaller orders by air freight and larger orders by ocean container. Ans. DownPillow can envoke the clause of the WTO that prohibiting these two items from being compressed or vacuum packed prevents damage to them, as the WTO doesnt encourage such policies unless they are backed by scientific evidence.

The Role of the Inspector in An Inspector Calls. essays

The Role of the Inspector in 'An Inspector Calls.' essays Discuss the role of the Inspector in the play. How does Priestley use him? Comment on the way the Inspector varies his treatment of the characters. An Inspector Calls is a play with many social and political messages. J. B. Priestley believed a great deal in socialism and he used several of his plays to try and influence people to be Socialist as well. It was written in a time when Britain was ruled by a Labour government and socialist policies were seen as the way forward. It was a popular way of thinking at that time so Priestley's aim for the play was probably to teach the unconvinced. The Inspector in J. B. Priestley's 'An Inspector Calls' is one of the most thought-provoking and mysterious characters that modern day literature has yet produced. It is this mysterious element that contributes greatly to making him a very interesting character and one that may be perceived in many ways. The audience does not find a great deal out about the Inspector and nothing is explicitly told to us; we are given hints and clues from the way he acts and what he says and are forced to piece these together to form our own ideas about his identity and his intentions. In this way, Priestley has asked his audience to act as a judge and to reach personal conclusions about him. The role of the Inspector is one of many levels. In terms of how he is used in the basic structure of the play, he is there to move the play along in that he encourages the characters to tell their stories. If there was not the revelation that he was not a real Police Inspector, he would only be considered as a narrator and not play a big part in the play. Because it transpired that he was an impostor of sorts, further questions are asked by the audience and different insights have become likely and it is clear that the Inspector is in the play for many reasons. The play is set in the house of the Birling family. As soon as the curtains open, it is clear that the fami...

Using the Spanish Verb Volver

Using the Spanish Verb 'Volver' Although the verb volver typically is translated as to return, it has a wider variety of uses than that simple translation may suggest. Under some circumstances, its meaning can be as varied as to turn (something) over and even to become. Volver Meaning 'To Return' The meaning of to return is the most common, as in the following examples. If the meaning is to return to a specified place, the preposition a typically is used. Note that a variety of ways can be used to translate the verb to English. Pedro volvià ³ a casa de su tà ­a. (Pedro went back to his aunts home.)Volveremos a la ciudad de Panam en el primer ferrocarril transcontinental del mundo. (Well return to Panama City on the worlds first transcontinental railroad.)Volvieron muy contentos de su aventura. (They came back very happy from their adventure.) ¿Cà ³mo vuelvo a mi peso normal? (How can I get back to my normal weight?) Other Meanings of Volver When followed by the preposition a and an infinitive (the verb form ending in -ar, -er or -ir), volver can usually be translated as again: El profesor volvià ³ a preguntar a los estudiantes si el bote estaba lleno. (The teacher asked the students again if the jar was full.)Volveremos a intentarlo. (Well try it again.)Los democristianos vuelven a ganar las elecciones en Holanda. (The Christian Democrats are winning the elections again in Holland.)Si el comandante vuelve a aparecer, vamos a volver a frenarla. (If the commander comes back again, we are going to stop him again.) When used with a direct object, volver can mean to turn something or turn something over: Volvià ³ la pgina y hablà ³ de otro tema. (She turned the page and talked about another subject.)El hombre volvià ³ el rostro en direccià ³n contraria. (The man turned his face in the opposite direction.)Por algo que no puedes cambiar  ¡no vuelvas la vista atrs! (Dont look back for something you cannot change!) In the reflexive form, volverse can mean to become, especially when used to refer to people. Its use in this way doesnt necessarily imply the return to a previous state. Es imposible hablar contigo, te has vuelto muy cà ­nica. (It is impossible to speak with you, for you have become very cynical.)Me volvà ­ vegetariana hace 3 semanas. (I became a vegetarian three weeks ago.)Nos volveremos pobres en menos de un aà ±o. (Well become very poor in less than a year.)En la primera mitad del siglo XX, la ciudad se volvià ³ un centro mundial para la industria. (In the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world industrial center.) Conjugation of Volver Keep in mind when using volver that it is conjugated irregularly. Its past participle is vuelto, and the -o- of the stem changes to -ue- when stressed. Verbs Derived From Volver Several common verbs are made up of volver with a prefix. They all follow the conjugation pattern of volver. Among them are: Devolver can refer to returning to a previous state or returning an item: La noticias le devolvieron su felicidad. (The news brought his happiness back.)La policà ­a devolvià ³ el televisor a la tienda. (The police returned the television to the store.) Envolver is an etymological cousin of the English verbs envelop and involve and can have meanings similar to both of them. Possible translations include to cover, to wrap, to enshroud, and to implicate. Envolvià ³ el regalo de cumpleaà ±os en papel de seda. (She wrapped the birthday gift in silk paper.)La nube envolvà ­a a todo el reino. (The cloud enveloped all of the kingdom.)Ha tenido algunas experiencias que la han envuelto en la controversia. (She has had some experiences that have involved her in the controversy.) Desenvolver usually means to undo an action of envolver. Desenvolvià ³ el regalo de Navidad de su novia. (He unwrapped his girlfriends Christmas present.)Antes de meter el perro en la baà ±era tiene que desenvolver el pelo. (Before you put the dog in the bathtub you have to untangle his hair.) Key Takeaways Volver is a common verb that often means to return. It can also be used to refer to various kinds of change or to repeated actions.Prefixes can be used with volver to form several other common verbs.Volver is a stem-changing verb with an irregular past participle.